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2.4 使役过程重写
典型的“施受动”使役过程的参与者齐全,动词为典型及物使役动词,这样的使役过程正符合人们脑中的使役概念语义,易于认知。非典型的使役过程或有隐没的参与者,或是表面不可观的人的心理或认知变化,或是受事做主语的状态被动构式,这些非典型的使役需要通过语义解读和重写其隐含的使役过程,来剖析或重现其使役义。例如:
(67)It drained the pond. (=It caused water flows out of it until it is dry. ) (弄干池塘。)
(68)The government tried to shelter the homeless(=The government tried to provide the homeless with shelters)(政府设法给无家可归人提供住所。)
(69)It broke. (=It broke by itself or it was broken by something and then it shows its broken state. )
(70)Jill dressed in a hurry.重写为:“Jill dressed(himself)in a hurry. ”(Jill赶紧穿上衣服。)
这几句都是具有隐含使役义的使役构式。本书通过语义解读和使役过程重写的方法揭示构式的深层使役义。