Word List 9

schism /ˈskɪzəm/

【释】n. 分裂；分歧

【例】the schism between her father and his brother

【近】division, split

bisect /baɪˈsekt/

【释】v. 把…分为两部分；把…二等分

【例】bisect the exterior angle

【近】halve, cross, intersect

unfurl /ˌʌnˈfɜːrl/

【释】v. 展开 (make or become spread out from a rolled or folded state)

【例】to unfurl an umbrella

【近】spread out

combative /kəmˈbætɪv/

【释】adj. 好斗的

【例】the dictator’s combative language

【近】pugnacious, hostile, belligerent

【反】conciliatory

【形】combat

fortuitous /fɔːrˈtuːɪtəs/

【释】adj. 偶然的 (having no cause or apparent cause)

【例】The occurrence of such things is by no means fortuitous.

【反】predictable, deliberate

【释】adj. 幸运的

【例】Their success is the result of a fortuitous combination of circumstances.

oblong /ˈɑːblɔːŋ/

【释】n./adj. 长方形(的)

【例】an oblong box

spatter /ˈspætər/

【释】n./v. 溅出；洒落 (a spray or splash of something)

【例】The bus spattered water over us.

【近】splash

wily /ˈwaɪli/

【释】adj. 诡计多端的；狡猾的

【例】a wily old rascal

【近】astute, cunning, sly

【反】naive

swelter /ˈsweltər/

【释】v. 酷热难当

【例】Barney sweltered in his doorman’s uniform.

【形】sweltering

somersault /ˈsʌmərsɔːlt/

【释】n./v. 翻腾；(翻)筋斗

【例】a backward somersault

【释】n./v. 翻滚；翻车

【例】His car somersaulted into a ditch.

repulse /rɪˈpʌls/

【释】v. 击退 (drive back (an attack or attacking enemy) by force)

【例】Rioters tried to storm the Ministry but were repulsed by police.

【近】repel, ward off

【释】v. 断然拒绝 (reject or rebuff)

【例】She left, feeling hurt because she had been repulsed.

【释】v. 使厌恶 (cause to feel intense distaste and aversion)

【例】Audiences were repulsed by the film’s brutality.

【形】repulsion

inscrutable /ɪnˈskruːtəbl/

【释】adj. 难以捉摸的 (impossible to understand or interpret)

【例】an inscrutable writing

【近】mysterious, incomprehensible

【反】transparent

chlorophyll /ˈklɔːrəfɪl/

【释】n. 叶绿素

【例】Chlorophyll is produced by the action of light on the plants’ leaves.

hieroglyphic /ˌhaɪərəˈɡlɪfɪk/

【释】n./adj. 象形文字(的)

【释】n. 难以辨认的文字

【例】tattered notebooks filled with illegible hieroglyphics

paleontologist /ˌpeɪliənˈtɑlədʒɪst/

【释】n. 古生物学者

【例】Jack is an eminent paleontologist, who is a consultant on the movie.

【形】palaeontology

trite /traɪt/

【释】adj. 老生常谈的 (lacking originality or freshness)

【例】The simple concepts he had been taught now sounded trite and naive.

【近】platitudinous, commonplace

【反】original, imaginative

merciful /ˈmɜːrsɪfl/

【释】adj. 仁慈的；宽恕的 (tender-hearted)

【例】After such a long illness, her death came as a merciful release.

【形】mercy

honk /hɑːŋk/

【释】n./v. 鹅叫(声)；(按)汽车喇叭(声)

【例】What good will honking your horn do?

【近】beep, blow

decoy /dɪˈkɔɪ/

【释】n. 诱饵

【例】a decoy duck

【近】bait

【释】v. 诱骗，引诱

【例】They would try to decoy the enemy toward the hidden group.

【近】lure, trap

concord /ˈkɑːŋkɔːrd/

【释】n. 和谐 (agreement or harmony between people or groups)

【例】These states had lived in concord for centuries.

【近】agreement, harmony, consensus

【反】discord

【形】concordance

receptacle /rɪˈseptəkl/

【释】n. 容器

【例】trash receptacles

【近】container, box

resuscitate /rɪˈsʌsɪteɪt/

【释】v. 恢复；使复苏

【例】measures to resuscitate the economy

【近】revive, restore

【释】v. 使苏醒

【例】Medics resuscitated him.

【形】resuscitation

molt /moʊlt/

【释】n./v. 换毛；换羽

【释】n. 换毛期

venerate /ˈvenəreɪt/

【释】v. 崇敬 (regard with great respect)

【例】Mother Teresa is venerated as a saint.

【近】revere, worship

【形】veneration, venerable

voracious /vəˈreɪʃəs/

【释】adj. 贪吃的，渴求的 (wanting or devouring great quantities of food)

【例】Joseph Smith was a voracious book collector.

【近】greedy, gluttonous, ravenous

【反】uneager, apathetic

premeditate /ˌpriːˈmedɪteɪt/

【释】v. 预谋 (think out or plan beforehand)

【形】premeditation

fastidious /fæˈstɪdiəs/

【释】adj. 一丝不苟的；苛求的；挑剔的 (very attentive to and concerned about accuracy and detail)

【例】He chooses his words with fastidious care.

【近】demanding, critical

kickback /ˈkɪkbæk/

【释】n. 回扣，佣金

【例】They paid kickbacks to politicians.

【近】bribe

【释】n. [机械学]反冲；逆转

【例】the kickback from the gun

extort /ɪkˈstɔːrt/

【释】v. 敲诈，勒索 (obtain (something) by force)

【例】He was convicted of trying to extort $1 million from a developer.

【释】v. 迫使，强求

【例】Her wit and intelligence extorted their admiration.

【形】extortion, extortionate

pedantic /pɪˈdæntɪk/

【释】adj. 学究式的；卖弄学问的

【例】a pedantic interpretation of the rules

【形】pedantry

loll /lɑːl/

【释】v. 懒洋洋地倚靠 (sit, lie, or stand in a lazy, relaxed way)

【例】The two girls lolled in their chairs.

【近】lounge, sprawl

cobblestone /ˈkɑːblstoʊn/

【释】n. 圆石，鹅卵石

【例】There was a solemn procession through the cobblestone streets.

offbeat /ˌɔːfˈbiːt/

【释】adj. 不寻常的，非传统的 (unconventional)

【例】an offbeat sense of humor

【近】unorthodox

ratchet /ˈrætʃɪt/

【释】n. 棘齿条

【释】v. 小幅提升

【例】The Bank of Japan ratcheted up interest rates again.

unbridle /ʌnˈbraɪdl/

【释】v. 卸除…的辔头

【例】learn how to bridle and unbridle a horse

dimple /ˈdɪmpl/

【释】n./v. (使起)涟漪；(使现)酒窝

【例】Drops dimpled the smooth stream.

propound /prəˈpaʊnd/

【释】v. 提出…供考虑

【例】Zoologist Eugene Morton has propounded a general theory of the vocal sounds that animals make.

【近】forward, advance, offer

【反】oppose, disprove

behemoth /bɪˈhiːmɔːθ/

【释】n. 庞然大物；巨兽

【例】Shoppers are now more loyal to their local stores than to faceless behemoths.

doodle /ˈduːdl/

【释】n./v. 涂鸦

【例】He was only doodling in the margin.

【释】n. 轻而易举的事

begrudge /bɪˈɡrʌdʒ/

【释】v. 吝惜；勉强做

【例】Don’t begrudge the cost.

【释】v. 忌妒

【例】She begrudges Bob’s affluence.

【近】envy, resent

scoundrel /ˈskaʊndrəl/

【释】n. 无赖 (a dishonest or unscrupulous person)

【例】That scoundrel sets a bad example for the other young men.

reprehensible /ˌreprɪˈhensəbl/

【释】adj. 应受指责的 (deserving censure or condemnation)

【例】Mr. Cramer said the violence by anti-government protestors was reprehensible.

【近】shameful

【形】reprehensive

variegate /ˈverɪɡeɪt/

【释】v. 使成斑驳；使多样化

【例】a plant with variegated leaves

【近】vary, diversify

hexagonal /heksˈæɡənl/

【释】adj. 六边形的

【例】a white concrete hexagonal pyramid

cosmonaut /ˈkɑːzmənɔːt/

【释】n. [俄罗斯的]宇航员

【近】astronaut

indefatigable /ˌɪndɪˈfætɪɡəbl/

【释】adj. 不知疲倦的 (persisting tirelessly)

【例】an indefatigable defender of human rights

【近】industrious, persistent

incise /ɪnˈsaɪz/

【释】v. 雕刻 (mark or decorate with cuts)

【例】a button incised with a skull

【释】v. 切开，切割

【近】cut

【形】incision

disavow /ˌdɪsəˈvaʊ/

【释】v. 否认，否定

【例】The chairman disavowed the press release.

【近】deny, renounce

【反】admit, acknowledge

javelin /ˈdʒævlɪn/

【释】n. 投枪；标枪

【例】his nearest rival in the javelin

despondent /dɪˈspɑːndənt/

【释】adj. 沮丧的，失望的 (without or almost without hope)

【例】He was despondent over the breakup of his marriage.

【近】despairing, desperate

【反】optimistic

【形】despond, despondency

ebullient /ɪˈbʌliənt/

【释】adj. 热情洋溢的

【例】in an ebullient mood

【近】exuberant, cheerful

encumber /ɪnˈkʌmbər/

【释】v. 妨碍

【例】Her movements were encumbered by her heavy skirts.

【近】hamper, obstruct, impede

【形】encumbrance

morose /məˈroʊs/

【释】adj. 阴郁的 (sullen and ill-tempered)

【例】She just sat there looking morose.

【近】gloomy, melancholy

decibel /ˈdesɪbel/

【释】n. 分贝；响度

【例】His voice went up several decibels.

studious /ˈstuːdiəs/

【释】adj. 好学的；用功的 (characterized by diligent study)

【例】Teachers marked her as a quiet, studious and devoutly Catholic girl.

【近】diligent, hardworking

jovial /ˈdʒoʊviəl/

【释】adj. 快乐的 (cheerful and friendly)

【例】She was in a jovial mood.

【近】cheerful, gay

【反】miserable

stoic /ˈstoʊɪk/

【释】n. 坚忍的人；寡欲的人

【例】I had no intention of spending my life as the stoic spouse to that autocratic buffoon.

【释】adj. 坚忍的；苦修的

【近】long-suffering, tolerant

swindle /ˈswɪndl/

【释】v./n. 诈骗 (use deception to deprive of money or possessions)

【例】The criminals swindle money from the buyers by forging commercial documents.

【近】deceive, fraud

drudgery /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

【释】n. 苦活，苦工

【例】domestic drudgery

【近】menial work

tinkle /ˈtɪŋkl/

【释】n./v. (发出)叮当声 (a light, clear ringing sound)

【例】Cool water tinkled in the stone fountains.

【近】ring

【释】v. 撒尿 (urinate)

recant /rɪˈkænt/

【释】v. 宣布放弃

【例】He was forced to recant his political beliefs.

【近】renounce, deny, retract

【反】persevere

unwitting /ʌnˈwɪtɪŋ/

【释】adj. 不知情的 (not aware of the full facts)

【例】We’re unwitting victims of the system.

【近】unconscious, innocent

【反】conscious

voluptuous /vəˈlʌptʃuəs/

【释】adj. 撩人的；丰满性感的 (of, relating to, or characterized by luxury or sensual pleasure)

【例】the voluptuous curve of her hips

lullaby /ˈlʌləbaɪ/

【释】n. 摇篮曲；催眠曲

unremitting /ˌʌnrɪˈmɪtɪŋ/

【释】adj. 持续的；不懈的

【例】the unremitting rain

【近】incessant, continual

misconstrue /ˌmɪskənˈstruː/

【释】v. 误解

【例】His shyness is misconstrued as unfriendliness.

【近】misunderstand, misinterpret

demure /dɪˈmjʊr/

【释】adj. 端庄娴静的 (reserved, modest, and shy)

【例】a demure smile

【近】mild, elegant

naivete /naɪˈiːvəteɪ/

【释】n. 质朴；天真 (lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment)

【形】naive

detonation /ˌdetəˈneɪʃn/

【释】n. 引爆；爆炸

【例】the detonation of the first atomic bomb

【近】explosion, discharge

【形】detonate

geyser /ˈɡaɪzər/

【释】n. 间歇喷泉 (a spring that discharges hot water and steam)

【例】The geyser is quite impressive and the current measured record is 21 feet.

humdrum /ˈhʌmdrʌm/

【释】n./adj. 乏味(的)；单调(的)

【例】humdrum routine work

【近】mundane, dull

【反】remarkable, exciting

centennial /senˈteniəl/

【释】n./adj. 一百周年纪念(的)

【例】The centennial Olympics was in Atlanta, Georgia.

figment /ˈfɪɡmənt/

【释】n. 臆想的事物

【例】The attack was not just a figment of my imagination.

【近】illusion, fancy

【反】reality

listless /ˈlɪstləs/

【释】adj. 无精打采的 (lacking energy or enthu-siasm)

【例】She looked listless.

【近】lethargic, inert, sluggish

【反】energetic

frolic /ˈfrɑːlɪk/

【释】v. 嬉戏

【例】Edward frolicked on the sand.

【近】play, fun

【释】n. 欢乐的活动 ((often frolics) a playful action or movement)

【例】The days of fun and frolic were gone for good.

infernal /ɪnˈfɜːrnl/

【释】adj. 地狱(般)的；严酷的 (of, relating to, or characteristic of hell or the underworld)

【例】They can’t work in these infernal conditions.

【近】subterranean, wretched

missive /ˈmɪsɪv/

【释】n. 信件；公函

【例】the customary missive from your dear mother

【近】letter

【形】mission

inimical /ɪˈnɪmɪkl/

【释】adj. 不友好的；不利的

【例】an inimical alien power

【近】hostile

【反】friendly, favorable

【释】adj. 有害的

【例】actions inimical to our interests

【近】harmful, detrimental

【反】favorable

refract /rɪˈfrækt/

【释】v. 使折射 (make (a ray of light) change direction when it enters at an angle)

【例】The rays of light are refracted by the material of the lens.

【形】refraction

garble /ˈɡɑːrbl/

【释】v. 篡改 (reproduce (a message, sound, or transmission) in a confused and distorted way)

【例】You garble my words from their real meaning.

【近】distort, twist

merriment /ˈmerimənt/

【释】n. 欢乐；欢笑 (enjoyment)

【近】mirth

【形】merry

entreat /ɪnˈtriːt/

【释】v. 恳求，乞求 (ask someone earnestly or anxiously)

【例】His friends entreated him not to go.

【近】beg, plead, implore

pliable /ˈplaɪəbl/

【释】adj. 易弯的 (easily bent)

【例】As your baby grows bigger, his bones become less pliable.

【近】flexible, bendable, elastic

【反】rigid

【形】pliant

carnivorous /kɑːrˈnɪvərəs/

【释】adj. 食肉的；食虫的

【例】The giraffe is not a carnivorous animal.

【近】raptatorial

【反】vegetarian

【形】carnivore

askew /əˈskjuː/

【释】adj. 歪斜的，不平的(not in a straight or level position)

【例】She stood there, hat askew.

【近】crooked, lopsided

【反】straight

fuzz /fʌz/

【释】n. 蓬松卷曲的毛发；绒毛

【例】a fuzz of black hair

【近】hair, fur

【释】n. [美国俚语]警察

freewheel /ˌfriːˈwiːl/

【释】v./n. 滑行；凭惯性前进

undulation /ˌʌndʒəˈleɪʃn/

【释】n. 波动 (wave-like motion)

【形】undulate

droll /droʊl/

【释】adj. 滑稽的 (curious or unusual in a way that provokes dry amusement)

【近】funny, comic

demagogue /ˈdeməɡɑːɡ/

【释】n. 煽动者 (a politician who tries to get support by using arguments based on emotion)

【近】instigator

torrid /ˈtɔːrɪd/

【释】adj. 炽烈的；灼热的 (very hot and dry)

【例】torrid zone

【近】hot, dry, ardent

【反】cold, wet

【释】adj. 艰难的 (full of difficulty)

【例】Wall Street is in for a torrid time in the next few weeks.

insipid /ɪnˈsɪpɪd/

【释】adj. 枯燥的；乏味的 (lacking interest or significance)

【例】an insipid novel

【近】boring, tedious

【反】interesting

vacuous /ˈvækjuəs/

【释】adj. 空虚的；空洞的 (devoid of significance)

quixotic /kwɪkˈsɑːtɪk/

【释】adj. 唐吉诃德式的；不切实际的 (romantic in a way that is not practical)

【例】They had quixotic dreams about the future.

【近】unrealistic

embezzle /ɪmˈbezl/

【释】v. 贪污；盗用 (steal money that you have been trusted with)

【例】He was convicted of embezzling.

【形】embezzlement

palatial /pəˈleɪʃl/

【释】adj. 宏伟的，壮丽的 (very large and impressive)

【例】This journey marks my first visit to the palatial sand dunes of Sossusvlei.

【近】magnificent

rectitude /ˈrektɪtuːd/

【释】n. 正直 (uprightness as a consequence of being honorable and honest)

【例】Alexander is a man of unquestioned moral rectitude.

【近】goodness, virtue, integrity

orangutan /ˌɔræŋˈʊtæn/

【释】n. 猩猩

elixir /ɪˈlɪksər/

【释】n. 灵丹妙药 (a magical or medicinal potion)

【例】I have no magic elixir for solving the country’s economic problems.

【近】medicine

federate /ˈfedəreɪt/

【释】v. 使结成联邦 (enter into a league for a common purpose)

【例】The country was federated after the Civil War.

【近】joint